Class attendance percentage is simply sessions attended divided by total sessions, times 100. It matters more than students expect: many courses fold attendance or participation into the grade (often 5 to 10 percent), some institutions tie financial aid or visa status to attendance thresholds, and professional programs can bar students from exams below a cutoff — commonly 75 or 80 percent. Beyond the rules, the correlation between attendance and performance is one of the most robust findings in education research: showing up is the highest-leverage study habit that exists.
The useful calculation runs backwards from the requirement: given a threshold, how many sessions can you miss? Maximum absences = total sessions x (1 - required fraction). In a 40-session course requiring 80 percent attendance, you can miss 40 x 0.20 = 8 sessions — the 9th absence drops you below the line. Track it cumulatively through the term, because absences feel harmless one at a time and only reveal their total at the end, when nothing can be done.
Excused versus unexcused matters enormously: illness with documentation, representing the school, or emergencies usually do not count against you, but the paperwork must be filed promptly — retroactive excuses are routinely denied. If you are approaching the limit, talk to the instructor before you cross it; after is always worse.